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First Aid for Chigger Bites

Chiggers are different from other mites, in that they feed on humans and other animals only in the larval stage. The adults and nymphs feed on vegetable matter, insect eggs, and other insects.

When humans come in contact with infested grass or other vegetation, the chigger larvae get onto the skin and travel until they meet an obstacle like a waistband. At this point, they attach to the skin and begin to feed. After feeding for three to four days, the larvae drop off the body to continue their growth cycle. While feeding, the larvae secrete a fluid which causes intense itching. Within twenty-four hours of attachment, a reddened area up to one inch in diameter will appear, which may be accompanied by a blister. Continued itching is usually due to a delayed sensitivity reaction which may persist for several weeks.

Photo by D.E. Walter &

      C.Meacham

 

First Aid for Chigger Bites

• Treatment consists of reducing discomfort and preventing infection. Household remedies aimed at killing the chigger are unlikely to help with the itching, since the larva frequently have dropped off before treatment is started.
• The affected area should be kept clean by washing with soap and water.
• A topical hydrocortisone cream, antihistamine, or local anesthetic may be of value in reducing the itching. Consult your physician or pharmacist.
• The wounds should not be scratched, if possible. Clip fingernails short to limit damage to the skin.
• If signs of infection occur, consult your physician.

Avoiding Exposure to Chiggers

• Avoid uncultivated areas and heavy vegetation where chiggers are known to exist, if possible.

• If this is not possible, then clothing should fit snugly at any possible entry point for the chigger, such as the ankles, wrists, and collar.

• When camping, use a cot in order to avoid contact with the ground.

• Insect repellents may be beneficial in preventing the attachment of chiggers. Spray lightly on possible entry points, as discussed above.

 

                   

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The Oklahoma Poison Control Center web site is provided free of charge to the public as an informational and educational tool. This web site is NOT intended as a substitute for a consultation with the Oklahoma Poison Control Center. The center is a statewide program operated by The University of Oklahoma College of Pharmacy in cooperation with Children´s Hospital at the OU Medical Center. Our pharmacists and nurses are specially trained poison experts available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.